SS02 - Suicide Risk Factors in Railway Stations and Beyond

Railway Suicide: Analysing the Behaviours and Interactions of Individuals to Inform Prevention
August, 29 | 08:30 - 10:00

Introduction: While the public nature of railway suicides contributes to their dire consequences, it also provides unique opportunities for prevention as there are several avenues for intervention in public places that are not possible in private places such as the home. Method: We extracted data about railway suicides that occurred in Australia over the period 2015-2019 from the National Coronial Information System (NCIS)—an online repository of coronial data from Australia and New Zealand—and systematically coded the detailed circumstances of incidents, focusing particularly on the events of the period proximal to the suicide. Results: 377 railway suicides were included in our study. Twenty-four percent of individuals were recorded as having made at least one previous suicide attempt. Almost one-quarter of individuals were recorded as having verbalised their intent to die by suicide at some point prior to their suicide (24%). We identified 96 instances where we had information about the individual’s interactions with people prior to setting out to the incident location. For almost half of the incidents (n=45, 47%), we coded the individual’s interactions/behaviour as “normal”. In the other incidents (n=51, 53%), there was some indication that the individual was distressed or behaved in a way that meant people in their life thought there might be a problem. In almost one in five incidents there was specific evidence that suggested someone saw the incident happen (i.e., other people were present) (19%). We were able to determine how individuals accessed the fatal location in 80% of cases (n=301). In 31% of incidents individuals accessed the location by jumping or climbing onto the tracks from a platform, and in 28% the individual accessed via open track and access to fatal locations was also provided by level or pedestrian crossings (17%). Conclusion: Additional results and Implications for prevention will be discussed. For example, upstream interventions such as media campaigns should be considered given that almost one-quarter of individuals verbalised their intent to die by suicide, and bystander interventions should be considered as at least one in five incidents were witnessed. Almost 300 people accessed the tracks via a means that theoretically could be restricted suggesting restriction of access to means should continue to be prioritised.

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