PS18 - Psychobiology of Gender Differences in Suicidal Behavior

Violent Suicide Attempt Method: Gender Differences, Outcome and Biomarkers of High-Risk Phenotype
August, 29 | 14:00 - 15:30

Worldwide, suicide rates vary according to sex, with higher rates among men (15.6 suicides per 100,000) than among women (7.0 per 100,000). The epidemiology of self-harm, is different from the epidemiology of suicide, with the highest rates of self-harm among women. A popular dichotomy in suicide research is violent versus non-violent suicide - based on the method. This dichotomy is important given that there is an association between method of attempted suicide and risk of subsequent suicide death (Stenbacka & Jokinen, 2015). Men use more often violent methods than women and have a more dramatically shortened life expectancy after the first suicide attempt (Jokinen et al., 2018). Violent behaviour and aggression as a trait have been associated with the choice of a violent suicide attempt method. The Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale measures both exposure to violence and expressed violent behaviour in both childhood and during adult life (Jokinen et al., 2010). In CSF studies, interpersonal violence and violent methods have shown associations with markers of serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (CSF 5-HIAA) (Moberg et al., 2011). Further, violent suicide attempt method was associated with CSF IL-6 in two studies implicating the involvement of neuroinflammation in seriousness of suicidal behaviour (Isung et al., 2014, Lindqvist et al., 2009). Epigenetic changes in the corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) gene were related to severity of suicide attempt in adults and a general psychiatric risk score in adolescents (Jokinen et al., 2018).

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