Background Suicidal behavior is the result of complex interactions between many different factors that change over time. A network perspective may improve our understanding of these complex dynamics. Within the network perspective, psychopathology is considered to be a consequence of symptoms that directly interact with one another in a network structure. To view suicidal behavior as the result of such a complex system is a good starting point to facilitate moving away from traditional linear thinking. Objective To review the existing paradigms and theories and their application to suicidal behavior. Methods In this talk, I introduce the relevant concepts within network analysis and complexity science such as centrality and tipping points. Where possible, I refer to studies that have applied these concepts within the field of suicide prevention, or take examples from other field within psychiatry. Another exciting development is the formalization of models of suicidal behavior, allowing for the simulation of complex interactions over time. Results Complexity science offers potential useful concepts such as alternative stable states and resilience to study psychopathology and suicidal behavior, as demonstrated within the field of depression. Some studies within the field of suicidology have been done, demonstrating the usability of these concepts within the field of suicide prevention. For example, a recent study using ecological momentary assessment data showed an example of a positive feedbackloop among negative emotional symptoms. Conclusions Clinicians and scientists are increasingly conceptualizing suicidal behavior as the result of the complex interaction between many different biological, social, and psychological risk and protective factors. Novel statistical techniques such as network analysis can help the field to better understand this complexity. The application of concepts from complexity science to the field of psychopathology and suicide research offers exciting and promising possibilities for our understanding and prevention of suicide.